• Li Deng and Doug O'Shaughnessy, SPEECH PROCESSING --- A Dynamic and Optimization-Oriented Approach, Marcel Dekker Inc., June 2003

• Dong Yu and Li Deng, Speech-Centric Multimodal User Interface Design in Mobile Technology, in Chapter XVIII in Jo Lumsden (Ed.) in Handbook of Research on User Interface Design and Evaluation for Mobile Technology, IGI Global, January 2008
• Li Deng and Jianwu Dang, Chapter 1 in Speech Analysis: The Production-Perception Perspective, in Advances in Chinese Spoken Language Processing, pp. 2-32, World Scientific Publishing, 2007
• Li Deng and H. Sheikhzadeh, Use of an Integrated Neural-Network and Cochlear Model for the Study of Speech Encoding in the Auditory System, in Listening to Speech: An Auditory Perspective, pp. 237-256, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 2006
• A. Avendano, Li Deng, H. Hermansky, and B. Gold, The Analysis and Representation of Speech, in Speech Processing in the Auditory System, Springer Verlag, 2005
• Li Deng, Switching Dynamic System Models for Speech Articulation and Acoustics, in Mathematical Foundations of Speech and Language Processing, vol. 138, pp. 115 - 134, Springer Verlag, 2003
• Li Deng, Articulatory Features and Associated Production Models in Statistical Speech Recognition, in Computational Models of Speech Pattern Processing, (NATO ASI Series), pp. 214-224, Springer Verlag, 1999
• Li Deng, Computational Models for Auditory Speech Processing, in Computational Models of Speech Pattern Processing, (NATO ASI Series), pp. 67-77, Springer Verlag, 1999
• Li Deng, Computational Models for Speech Production, in Computational Models of Speech Pattern Processing, (NATO ASI Series), pp. 199-213, Springer Verlag, 1999
• Li Deng, A dynamic, feature-based approach to speech modeling and recognition, in in S. Furui, F. Juang (eds.) Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding , pp. 107-114, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1997
• Don Sun and Li Deng, Nonstationary-State Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition, in in Chapter 8, S. Levinson and L. Shepp (eds.): Image and Speech Models, Springer Verlag, 1995
• K. Hassanein, Li Deng, and M. Elmasry, Neural Predictive Hidden Markov Model Architecture For Speech And Speaker Recognition, in in VLSI Artificial Neural Networks Engineering, pp. 316-336, Kluwer Academic , 1994
• D. Zhang, Li Deng, and M. Elmasry, Pipelined Neural Network Architecture For Speech Recognition, in VLSI Artificial Neural Networks Engineering, pp. 297-315, Kluwer Academic , 1994
• Li Deng, K. Hassanein, and M. Elmasry, Neural-Network Architecture For Linear And Nonlinear Predictive Hidden Markov Models: Application To Speech Recognition, in in B. H. Juang, S. Y. Kung, and C. A. Kamm, (eds.) Neural Networks for Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1991

2009

• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, A Novel Framework and Training Algorithm for Variable-Parameter Hidden Markov Models, in IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1348-1360, IEEE, September 2009
• J. Baker, Li Deng, S. Khudanpur, C.-H. Lee, J. Glass, and N. Morgan, Updated MINDS Report on Speech Recognition and Understanding, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 26, no. 4, July 2009
• Dong Yu and Li Deng, Solving nonlinear estimation problems using Splines , in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 86-90, July 2009
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Using continuous features in the maximum entropy model, in Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 1295-1300, June 2009
• J. Baker, Li Deng, Jim Glass, S. Khudanpur, C.-H. Lee, N. Morgan, and D. O'Shgughnessy, Research Developments and Directions in Speech Recognition and Understanding, Part 1, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 75-80, May 2009
• Li Deng, Curiosity in Science and Technology, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 2-4, May 2009
• Dong Yu and Li Deng, Teach-Ware: Signal Processing Resources at Connexions, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., March 2009
• Jinyu Li, Li Deng, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, A unified framework of HMM adaptation with joint compensation of additive and convolutive distortions, in Computer Speech and Language, vol. 23, pp. 389-405, Elsevier , 2009
• Dong Yu, Balakrishnan Varadarajan, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Active Learning and Semi-supervised Learning for Speech Recognition: A Unified Framework using the Global Entropy Reduction Maximization Criterion, in Computer Speech and Language - Special Issue on Emergent Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Pattern Recognition in Speech and Language Processing , Elsevier , 2009
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Using Continuous Features in the Maximum Entropy Model, in Pattern Recognition Letters , Elsevier , 2009
• Li Deng, Embracing a New Golden Age of Signal Processing, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, January 2009

2008

• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Xiaodong He, and Alex Acero, Large-Margin Minimum Classification Error Training: A Theoretical Risk Minimization Perspective, in Computer Speech and Language, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 415-429, Elsevier , October 2008
• Xiaodong He, Li Deng, and Chou Wu, Discriminative Learning in Sequential Pattern Recognition --- A Unifying Review for Optimization-Oriented Speech Recognition, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 14-36, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., September 2008
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, Jian Wu, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, Robust speech recognition using cepstral minimum-mean-square-error noise suppressor, in IEEE Trans. Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, vol. 16, no. 5, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., July 2008
• Li Deng, Expanding the Scope of Signal Processing, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 2-4, May 2008
• Sibel Yaman, Li Deng, Dong Yu, Ye-Yi Wang, and Alex Acero, An integrative and discriminative technique for spoken utterance classification, in IEEE Trans. Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 1207-1214, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 2008

2007

• Rodrigo Guido, Li Deng, and Shoji Makino, Guest Editors’ Introduction: Special Section on Emergent Systems, Algorithms, and Architectures for Speech-Based Human-Machine Interaction, in IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 1153-1155, September 2007
• Li Deng, Write Feature Articles with a Lasting Impact, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 24, no. 2, March 2007
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Speaker-adaptive learning of resonance targets in a hidden trajectory model of speech coarticulation, in Computer Speech and Language, vol. 27, pp. 72-87, Elsevier , 2007
• Li Deng, Hagai Attias, Leo Lee, and Alex Acero, Adaptive Kalman smoothing for tracking vocal tract resonances using a continuous-valued hidden dynamic model, in IEEE Transactions on audio, Speech and Language Processing, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 13-23, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., January 2007
• Xiaodong He and Li Deng, A new look at discriminative learning for hidden Markov models, in Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 28, pp. 1285-1294, 2007

2006

• Li Deng, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, Structured Speech Modeling, in IEEE Trans. on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 1492-1504, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., September 2006
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, A Lattice Search Technique for a Long-Contextual-Span Hidden Trajectory Model of Speech, in Speech Communication, Elsevier , September 2006
• I. Bazzi, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Tracking Vocal Tract Resonances Using a Quantized Nonlinear Function Embedded in a Temporal Constraint, in IEEE Trans. on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 425-434, March 2006
• Li Deng, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, A Bidirectional Target Filtering Model of Speech Coarticulation: two-stage Implementation for Phonetic Recognition, in IEEE Transactions on Audio and Speech Processing, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 256-265, IEEE, January 2006
• Roberto Togneri and Li Deng, A state-space model with neural-network prediction for recovering vocal tract resonances in fluent speech from Mel-cepstral coefficients, in Speech Communication, vol. 48, pp. 971-988, 2006

2005

• Li Deng and Dong Yu, A Speech-Centric Perspective for Human-Computer Interface - A Case Study, in Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems (Special Issue on Multimedia Signal Processing), Springer Verlag, November 2005
• Li Deng, K. Wang, and Wu Chou, Speech Technology and Systems in Human-Machine Communication, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 12-14, September 2005
• Li Deng, J. Wu, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Analysis and Comparison of Two Speech Feature Extraction/Compensation Algorithms, in IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 477–480, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., June 2005
• Li Deng, Jian Wu, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Dynamic Compensation of HMM Variances Using the Feature Enhancement Uncertainty Computed From a Parametric Model of Speech Distortion, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 412–421, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., May 2005
• Ye-Yi Wang, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Spoken Language Understanding — An Introduction to the Statistical Framework, in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 16-31, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 2005

2004

• Li Deng and Xuedong Huang, Forum: Author Response to 'For Voice Interfaces, Hold the SALT', in Communications of the ACM. Vol. 47, No. 7, July 2004, pp. 11-13, July 2004
• Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Estimating cepstrum of speech under the presence of noise using a joint prior of static and dynamic features, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 218–233, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., May 2004
• Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Enhancement of log Mel power spectra of speech using a phase-sensitive model of the acoustic environment and sequential estimation of the corrupting noise, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 133–143, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., March 2004
• J. Ma and Li Deng, Target-Directed Mixture Dynamic Models for Spontaneous Speech Recognition, in IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 47-58, January 2004
• J. Ma and Li Deng, A Mixed-Level Switching Dynamic System for Continuous Speech Recognition, in Computer, Speech and Language, vol. 18, pp. 49-65, 2004
• Li Deng, Ye-Yi Wang, Kuansan Wang, Alex Acero, Hsiao Hon, Jasha Droppo, C. Boulis, Derek Jacoby, Milind Mahajan, Ciprian Chelba, and Xuedong Huang, Speech and language processing for multimodal human-computer interaction (Invited Article) , in Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems (Special issue on Real-World Speech Processing), vol. 36, no. 2-3, pp. 161 - 187, Kluwer Academic , 2004
• Li Deng and Xuedong Huang, Challenges in Adopting Speech Recognition, in Communications of the ACM, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 11-13, January 2004

2003

• R. Togneri and Li Deng, Joint State and Parameter Estimation for a Target-Directed Nonlinear Dynamic System Model, in IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, vol. 51, no. 12, pp. 3061-3070, December 2003
• Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Recursive estimation of nonstationary noise using iterative stochastic approximation for robust speech recognition, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 568–580, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., November 2003
• J. Ma and Li Deng, Efficient Decoding Strategies for Conversational Speech Recognition Using a Constrained Nonlinear State-Space Model, in IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 590-602, November 2003
• J. Xin, Y. Qi, and Li Deng, Time Domain Computation of a Nonlinear Nonlocal Cochlear Model with Applications to Multitone Interactions in Hearing, in Communications in Mathematical Sciences, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 211-227, 2003

2002

• M. Naito, Li Deng, and Y. Sagisaka, Speaker clustering for speech recognition using vocal-tract parameters, in Speech Communication, vol. 36, no. 3-4, pp. 305-315, March 2002
• Li Deng, Kuansan Wang, Alex Acero, Hsiao-Wuen Hon, Jasha Droppo, Constantinos Boulis, Ye-Yi Wang, Derek Jacoby, Milind Mahajan, Ciprian Chelba, and Xuedong D. Huang, Distributed Speech Processing in MiPad’s Multimodal User Interface, in IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SPEECH AND AUDIO PROCESSING, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 605-619, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 2002
• Hui Jiang and Li Deng, A robust compensation strategy against extraneous acoustic variations in spontaneous speech recognition, in IEEE Transactions on Speech & Audio Processing, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 9-17, January 2002
• H. Sameti and Li Deng, Nonstationary-state hidden Markov model representation of speech signals for speech enhancement, in Signal Processing, vol. 82, pp. 205-227, 2002
• Jiping Sun and Li Deng, An overlapping-feature based phonological model incorporating linguistic constraints: Applications to speech recognition, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 111, no. 2, pp. 1086-1101, 2002

2001

• R. Chengalvarayan and Li Deng, A Maximum a Posteriori Approach to Speaker Adaptation Using the Trended Hidden Markov model, in IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio Processing. Volume: 9 Issue: 5, July 2001
• H. Jiang and Li Deng, A Bayesian approach to speaker verification, in IEEE Trans. Speech & Audio Proc., 2001
• R. Togneri, J. Ma, and Li Deng, Parameter estimation of a target-directed dynamic system model with switching states, in Signal Processing, vol. 81, no. 5, pp. 975-987, 2001

2000

• M. Naito, Li Deng, and Y. Sagisaka, Speaker normalization for speech recognition using model-based vocal-tract parameters, in Transactions of Japan Institute of Electronics, Information, and Communication Engineers (IEICE), vol. J83-D-II , no. 11, pp. 2360-2369, 2000
• Li Deng and J. Ma, Spontaneous Speech Recognition Using a Statistical Coarticulatory Model for the Vocal Tract Resonance Dynamics, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2000
• Li Deng and Jeff Ma, Spontaneous speech recognition using a statistical coarticulatory model for the hidden vocal-tract-resonance dynamics, in J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 108, no. 6, pp. 3036-3048, 2000
• Jeff Ma and Li Deng, A path-stack algorithm for optimizing dynamic regimes in a statistical hidden dynamic model of speech, in Computer Speech and Langu, vol. 14, pp. 101-104 , 2000
• J. Ma and Li Deng, A Path-Stack Algorithm for Optimizing Dynamic Regimes in a Statistical Hidden Dynamical Model of Speech, in Computer, Speech and Language. Academic Press, 2000

1999

• X. Shen and Li Deng, A Dynamic System Approach to Speech Enhancement Using the H-inf Filtering Algorithm,, in IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 7, pp. 391-399, July 1999
• H. Sheikhzadeh and Li Deng, A layered neural network interfaced with a cochlear model for the study of speech encoding in the auditory syst, in Computer Speech and Language, vol. 13, pp. 39-64, 1999
• J. Sun and Li Deng, Use of high-level linguistic constraints for constructing feature-based phonological model in speech recognition, in Journal of Intelligent Information Processing Systems, pp. 269-276, 1999

1998

• R. Chengalvarayan and Li Deng, Speech Trajectory Discrimination using the Minimum Classification Error Learning, in IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 505-515, November 1998
• Li Deng, A dynamic, feature-based approach to the interface between phonology and phonetics for speech modeling and recognition, in Speech Communication, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 299-323, 1998
• H. Sameti, H. Sheikhzadeh, Li Deng, and R. Brennan, HMM-based Strategies for Enhancement of Speech Signals Embedded in Nonstationary Noise, in IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 445-455, January 1998
• H. Sheikhzadeh and Li Deng, Speech Analysis and Recognition using Interval Statistics Generated from a Composite Auditory Model, in IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 50-54, IEEE, January 1998
• Li Deng, Locus equation and hidden parameters of speech, in Journal of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 263-264, 1998

1997

• Li Deng, G. Ramsay, and D. Sun, Production models as a structural basis for automatic speech recognition," Speech Communication (special issue on speech production modeling), in Speech Communication, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 93-112, August 1997
• Xuemin Shen and Li Deng, Game theory approach to H-infinity filter design, in Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 1092-1095, April 1997
• Li Deng, Autosegmental representation of phonological units of speech and its phonetic interface, in Speech Communication, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 211-222, 1997
• C. Rathinavalu and Li Deng, Construction of state-dependent dynamic parameters by maximum likelihood: Applications to speech recognition, in Signal Processing, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 149-165, 1997
• Li Deng and M. Aksmanovic, Speaker-independent phonetic classification using hidden Markov models with state-conditioned mixtures of trend functions, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 319-324, 1997
• X. Shen and Li Deng, Maximum likelihood in statistical estimation of dynamical systems: Decomposition algorithm and simulation results, in Signal Processing, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 65-79, 1997
• C. Rathinavalu and Li Deng, HMM-based speech recognition using state-dependent, discriminatively derived transforms on Mel-warped DFT features, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, pp. 243-256, 1997
• C. Rathinavalu and Li Deng, Use of generalized dynamic feature parameters for speech recognition, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, pp. 232-242, 1997

1996

• Xuemin Shen and Li Deng, Decomposition solution of H-infinity filter gain in singularly perturbed systems, in Signal Processing, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 319-324, 1996
• Li Deng and H. Sameti, Transitional speech units and their representation by the regressive Markov states: Applications to speech recognition, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 301-306, 1996
• Li Deng, Transiems as dynamically-defined, sub-phonemic units of speech: A computational model, in Signal Processing, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 25-35, 1996

1995

• Li Deng and C. Rathinavalu, A Markov model containing state-conditioned second-order nonstationarity: Application to speech recognition, in Computer Speech and Language, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 63-86, 1995
• G. Ramsay and Li Deng, Tracking non-stationary targets using a dynamical system with Markov-modulated parameters, in IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 2, no. 9, pp. 172-175, 1995

1994

• Li Deng and D. Sun, A statistical approach to automatic speech recognition using the atomic speech units constructed from overlapping articulatory features, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 85, no. 5, pp. 2702-2719, 1994
• Li Deng, Integrated optimization of dynamic feature parameters for hidden Markov modeling of speech, in IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 66-69, 1994
• Li Deng, M. Aksmanovic, D. Sun, and Jeff Wu, Speech recognition using hidden Markov models with polynomial regression functions as nonstationary states, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 507-520, 1994
• Li Deng, A statistical model for formant-transition microsegments of speech incorporating locus equations, in Signal Processing, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 121-128, 1994
• D. Zhang, Li Deng, and M. Elmasry, Pipelined architectures for neural-network-based speech recognition, in Neural, Parallel & Scientific Computations, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 81-92, 1994
• H. Sheikhzadeh and Li Deng, Waveform-based speech recognition using hidden filter models: Parameter selection and sensitivity to power normalization, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 80-91, 1994
• Li Deng and D. Braam, Context-dependent Markov model structured by locus equations: Application to phonetic classification, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 2008-2025, 1994
• Li Deng, K. Hassanein, and M. Elmasry, Analysis of correlation structure for a neural predictive model with application to speech recognition, in Neural Networks, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 331-339, 1994
• Don Sun and Li Deng, State-dependent time warping in the trended hidden Markov model, in Signal Processing, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 263-275, 1994

1993

• Li Deng and I. Kheirallah, Numerical property and efficient solution of a nonlinear transmission-line model for basilar-membrane wave motions, in Signal Processing, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 269-286, 1993
• Li Deng and Jon Mark, Parameter estimation of Markov modulated Poisson processes as a telecommunication traffic model via the EM algorithm with time discretization, in Telecommunication Systems, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 321-338, 1993
• K. Erler and Li Deng, Hidden Markov model representation of quantized articulatory features for speech recognition, in Computer Speech and Language, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 265-282, 1993
• Li Deng and I. Kheirallah, Dynamic formant tracking of noisy speech using temporal analysis on outputs from a nonlinear cochlear model, in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 456-467, 1993
• Li Deng, A stochastic model of speech incorporating hierarchical nonstationarity, in IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 471-475, 1993

1992

• Li Deng, P. Kenny, M Lennig, and P. Mermelstein, Modeling acoustic transitions in speech by state-interpolation hidden Markov models, in Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 265-272, 1992
• Li Deng, A generalized hidden Markov model with state-conditioned trend functions of time for the speech signal, in Signal Processing, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 65-78, 1992
• Li Deng and K. Erler, Structural design of a hidden Markov model based speech recognizer using multi-valued phonetic features: Comparison with segmental speech units, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 3058-3067, 1992
• Li Deng, Processing of acoustic signals in a cochlear model incorporating laterally coupled suppressive elements, in Neural Networks, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 19-34, 1992

1991

• Li Deng, Hierarchical non-stationarity in a class of doubly stochastic time series models with application to speech recognition, in Canadian Acoustics, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 113--115, 1991
• Li Deng, Non-parametric estimation of phase variance in auditory-nerve fiber' s responses to tonal stimuli, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 90, no. 6, pp. 3099--3106, 1991
• Li Deng, The semi-relaxed algorithm for parameter estimation of hidden Markov models, in Computer Speech and Language, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 231-236, 1991
• Li Deng, P. Kenny, M. Lennig, V. Gupta, and F. Seitz and P. Mermelstein, Phonemic hidden Markov models with continuous mixture output densities for large vocabulary word recognition, in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 1677--1681, 1991

1990

• Li Deng, M. Lennig, and F. Seitz and P. Mermelstein, Large vocabulary word recognition using context-dependent allophonic hidden Markov models, in Computer Speech and Lan, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 345-357, 1990
• Li Deng, M. Lennig, and P. Mermelstein, Modeling microsegments of stop consonants in a hidden Markov model based word recognizer, in 2738-2747, vol. 87, pp. 2738-2747, 1990

1989

• Li Deng, M. Lennig, and P. Mermelstein, Use of vowel duration information in a large vocabulary word recognizer, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 86, pp. 540-548, 1989

1988

• Li Deng, D. Geisler, and S. Greenberg, A composite model of the auditory periphery for the processing of speech (invited), in Journal of Phonetics, special theme issue on Representation of Speech in the Auditory Periphery, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 93-108, 1988

1987

• Li Deng and D. C. Geisler, A composite auditory model for processing speech sounds, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 82, no. 6, pp. 2001-2012, 1987
• Li Deng, D. Geisler, and S. Greenberg, Responses of auditory-nerve fibers to multiple-tone complexes, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 82, no. 6, pp. 1989-2000, 1987
• Li Deng and D. Geisler, Responses of auditory-nerve fibers to nasal consonant-vowel syllables, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 82, no. 6, pp. 1977-1988, 1987

1986

• S. Greenberg, D. Geisler, and Li Deng, Frequency selectivity of single cochlear-nerve fibers based on the temporal response pattern of two-tone signals, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 79, no. 4, pp. 1010-1019, 1986

1985

• D. Geisler and Li Deng, Thresholds for primary auditory fibers using statistically defined criteria, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 1102-1109, 1985
• Li Deng and D. Geisler, Changes in the phase of excitor-tone responses in auditory-nerve fibers by suppressor tones, in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 78, no. 11, pp. 1633--1644, 1985

2009

• Dong Yu, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Hidden Conditional Random Field with Distribution Constraints for Phone Classification, in Interspeech 2009, International Speech Communication Association, September 2009
• Hui Lin, Li Deng, Dong Yu, Yifan Gong, Alex Acero, and Chi-Hui Lee, A Study on Multilingual Acoustic Modeling For Large Vocabulary ASR, in Proceedings of the ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2009
• Balakrishnan Varadarajan, Dong Yu, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Using collective information in semi-supervised learning for speech recognition, in Proceedings of the ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2009
• Oriol Vinyals, Li Deng, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, Discriminative pronunciation learning using phonetic decoder and minimum classification error criterion, in Proceedings of the ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2009
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Peng Liu, Jian Wu, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, Cross-lingual speech recognition under run-time resource constraints, in Proceedings of the ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2009
• Balakrishnan Varadarajan, Dong Yu, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Maximizing global entry reduction for active learning in speech recognition, in Proceedings of the ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2009
• Li Deng, Rethinking of computation for future-generation, knowledge-rich speech recognition and understanding, in IEEE ICME Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing and Parallel Computing, 2009

2008

• Hui Lin, Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, Learning Methods in Multilingual Speech Recognition, in NIPS Workshop, Whistler, BC, Canada, Microsoft, December 2008
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Jian Wu, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, Improvements on Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Minimum-Mean-Square-Error Noise Suppressor for Robust Speech Recognition, in ISCSLP, IEEE, December 2008
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, The Maximum Entropy Model with Continuous Features , in NIPS Workshop, Whistler, BC, Canada, Microsoft, December 2008
• Xiaolong Li, Li Deng, Yun-Cheng Ju, and Alex Acero, Automatic Children's Reading Tutor on Hand-Held Devices, in Proceedings of Interspeech, International Speech Communication Association, Brisbane, Australia, September 2008
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, Parameter Clustering and Sharing in Variable-Parameter HMMs for Noise Robust Speech Recognition, in Proc. of the Interspeech, International Speech Communication Association, September 2008
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, Discriminative Training of Variable-Parameter HMMs for Noise Robust Speech Recognition, in Proceedings of the Interspeech, International Speech Communication Association, September 2008
• Luis Buera, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Speech Enhancement using a Pitch Predictive Model, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2008
• Ivan Tashev, Jasha Droppo, Michael Seltzer, and Alex Acero, Robust Design of Wideband Loudspeaker Arrays, in Proc. of International Conference on Audio, Speech and Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Las Vegas, USA, April 2008
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, Jian Wu, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, A Minimum Mean-Square-Error Noise Reduction Algorithm on Mel-Frequency Cepstra for Robust Speech Recognition, in Proc. ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2008
• Jinyu Li, Li Deng, Dong Yu, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, HMM Adaptation Using a Phase-Sensitive Acoustic Distortion Model for Environment-Robust Speech Recognition, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2008
• Tsung-Hui Chang, Zhi-Quan Luo, Li Deng, and Chong-Yung Chi, A Convex Optimization Method for Joint Mean and Variance Parameter Estimation of Large-Margin CDHMM, in Proceedings of the ICASSP, April 2008
• Jinyu Li, Li Deng, Dong Yu, Jian Wu, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, Adaptation of compressed HMM parameters for resource-constrained speech recognition, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2008

2007

• Li Deng, Roles of high-fidelity acoustic modeling in robust speech recognition (invited), in Proceedings IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding (ASRU), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., December 2007
• Dong Yu and Li Deng, Large-Margin Discriminative Training of Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition (invited), in Proc. IEEE Intern. Conf. Semantic Computing, Irvine, CA, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 17 September 2007
• Roberto Togneri and Li Deng, A Structured Speech Model Parameterized by Recursive Dynamics and Neural Networks, in Proc. Interspeech, Antwerp, Belgium, 27 August 2007
• Li Deng and H. Strik, Structure-Based and Template-Based Automatic Speech Recognition --- Comparing parametric and non-parametric approaches, in Proc. Interspeech, August 2007
• Qiang Fu, Xiaodong He, and Li Deng, Phone-Discriminating Minimum Classification Error (P-MCE) Training for Phonetic Recognition, in Proc. Interspeech, August 2007
• Dong Yu and Li Deng, Handling Phonetic Context and Speaker Variation in a Structure-Based Speech Recognizer, in Proc. Interspeech, International Speech Communication Association, August 2007
• Xiaolong Li, Yun-Cheng Ju, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Efficient and Robust Language Modeling in an Automatic Children's Reading Tutor System, in Proceedings of IEEE Internaltional Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 18 April 2007
• Li Deng and Dong Yu, Use of Differential Cepstra as Acoustic Features in Hidden Trajectory Modeling for Phonetic Recognition, in Proceedings of the ICASSP, Honolulu, Hawaii, IEEE, April 2007
• Sibel Yaman, Li Deng, Dong Yu, Ye-Yi Wang, and Alex Acero, A Discriminative Training Framework using N-Best Speech Recognition Transcriptions and Scores for Spoken Utterance Classification, in Proc. of the International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A., April 2007
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Xiaodong, and Alex Acero, Large-Margin Minimum Classification Error Training for Large-Scale Speech Recognition Tasks, in Proceedings of the ICASSP, Honolulu, Hawaii, IEEE, April 2007
• Jinyu Li, Li Deng, Dong Yu, Yifan Gong, and Alex Acero, High-Performance HMM Adaptation With Joint Compensation of Additive and Convolutive Distortions Via Vector Taylor Series, in Proceedings IEEE Workshop on ASRU, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2007

2006

• X. He, Li Deng, and W. Chou, A Novel Learning Method for Hidden Markov Models in Speech and Audio Processing,, in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, October 2006
• Xiaolong Li, Li Deng, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, A Time-Synchronous Phonetic Decoder For A Long-Contextual-Span Hidden Trajectory Model, in Proceedings of International Conference on Speech Communication (InterSpeech), 2006, International Speech Communication Association, Pittsburgh, PA, 19 September 2006
• Dong Yu, Li Deng, Xiaodong He, and Alex Acero, Use of Incrementally Regulated Discriminative Margins in MCE Training for Speech Recognition, in Proc. of the Interspeech Conference, International Speech Communication Association, September 2006
• Li Deng, X. Cui, R. Pruvenok, J. Huang, S. Momen, Y. Chen, and A. Alwan, A Database of Vocal Tract Resonance Trajectories for Research in Speech Processing, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, May 2006

2005

• Li Deng, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, A Generative Modeling Framework for Structured Hidden Speech Dynamics, in NIPS Workshop on Advances in Structured Learning for Text and Speech Processing , Microsoft, December 2005
• Li Deng, Dong Yu, Xiaolong Li, and Alex Acero, A Long-Contextual-Span Model of Resonance Dynamics for Speech Recognition: Parameter Learning and Recognizer Evaluation, in Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Puerto Rico, November 2005
• Li Deng, Xiaolong Li, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, Evaluation of a Long-Contextual-Span Hidden Trajectory Model and Phonetic Recognizer Using A* Lattice Search, in Proc. of the Interspeech Conference, International Speech Communication Association, September 2005
• Li Deng, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, Learning Statistically Characterized Resonance Targets in a Hidden Trajectory Model of Speech Coarticulation and Reduction, in Proc. of the Interspeech Conference, International Speech Communication Association, September 2005
• A. Subramanya, Li Deng, Z. Liu, and Z. Zhang, Multi-sensory speech processing: Incorporating automatically extracted hidden dynamic information, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo (ICME), Amsterdam, July 2005
• Li Deng, Xiang Li, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, A Hidden Trajectory Model with Bi-Directional Target Filtering: Cascaded vs. Integrated Implementation for Phonetic Recognition, in Proc. of Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., March 2005

2004

• Li Deng, Xiaolong Li, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, Novel Acoustic Modeling with Structured Hidden Dynamics for Speech Coarticulation and Reduction, in Proc. of the DARPA RT04 Workshop, November 2004
• Dong Yu, Mei-Yuh Hwang, Peter Mau, Alex Acero, and Li Deng, Unsupervised Learning from Users’ Error Correction in Speech Dictation, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Spoken Language Processing, International Speech Communication Association, October 2004
• R. Togneri and Li Deng, Use of Neural Network Mapping and Extended Kalman Filter to Recover Vocal Tract Resonances from the MFCC Parameters of Speech, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Spoken Language Processing, October 2004
• Li Deng, Dong Yu, and Alex Acero, A Quantitative Model for Formant Dynamics and Contextually Assimilated Reduction in Fluent Speech, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Spoken Language Processing, International Speech Communication Association, October 2004
• Li Deng, Zicheng Liu, Zhengyou Zhang, and Alex Acero, Nonlinear Information Fusion in Multi-Sensor Processing - Extracting and Exploiting Hidden Dynamics of Speech Captured by a Bone-Conductive Microphone, in Proc. of the IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., September 2004
• L. Lee, H. Attias, Li Deng, and P. Fieguth, A Multimodal Variational Approach to Learning and Inference in Switching State Space Models, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, May 2004
• Li Deng, L. Lee, H. Attias, and Alex Acero, A Structured Speech Model with Continuous Hidden Dynamics and Prediction-Residual Training for Tracking Vocal Tract Resonances, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, May 2004
• Zhengyou Zhang, Z. Liu, M. Sinclair, A. Acero, Li Deng, J. Droppo, Xuedong Huang, and Yanli Zheng, Multisensory microphones for robust speech detection, enhancement, and recognition, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Montreal, Canada, May 2004, IEEE, 2004

2003

• Y. Zheng, Z. Liu, Z. Zhang, M. Sinclair, Jasha Droppo, Li Deng, Xuedong Huang, and Alex Acero, Air and Bone-Conductive Integrated Microphones for Robust Speech Detection and Enhancement, in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., U.S. Virgin Islands, December 2003
• J. Wu, Jasha Droppo, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, A Noise-Robust ASR Front-End Using Wiener Filter Constructed from MMSE Estimation of Clean Speech and Noise, in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., U.S. Virgin Islands, December 2003
• Y. Deng, Milind Mahajan, and Alex Acero, Estimating Speech Recognition Error Rate without Acoustic Test Data, in Proc. of the Eurospeech Conference, September 2003
• Li Deng, I. Bazzi, and Alex Acero, Tracking Vocal Tract Resonances Using an Analytical Nonlinear Predictor and a Target-guided Temporal Constraint, in Proc. of the Eurospeech Conference. Geneva, September 2003
• Jasha Droppo, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, A Comparison of Three Non-Linear Observation Models for Noisy Speech Features, in Proc. Eurospeech Conference, International Speech Communication Association, Geneva, Switzerland, September 2003
• H. Attias, L. Lee, and Li Deng, Variational Inference and Learning for Segmental Switching State Space Models of Hidden Speech Dynamics, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, April 2003
• F. Seide, J. Zhou, and Li Deng, Coarticulation Modeling by Embedding a Target-Directed Hidden Trajectory Model into HMM - MAP Decoding and Evaluation, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, April 2003
• J, Zhou, F. Seide, and Li Deng, Coarticulation Modeling by Embedding a Target-Directed Hidden Trajectory Model into HMM - Model and Training, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, April 2003
• Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Incremental Bayes Learning with Prior Evolution for Tracking Non-Stationary Noise Statistics from Noisy Speech Data, in Proc. ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Hong Kong, April 2003
• Issam Bazzi, Alex Acero, and Li Deng, An Expectation-Maximization Approach for Formant Tracking using a Parameter-free Nonlinear Predictor, in Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., April 2003

2002

• Li Deng, Alex Acero, Ye-Yi Wang, Kuansan Wang, Hsiao-Wuen Hon, Jasha Droppo, Milind Mahajan, and XD Huang, A speech-centric perspective for human-computer interface, in Proc. of the IEEE Fifth Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., December 2002
• Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Exploiting Variances in Robust Feature Extraction Based on a Parametric Model of Speech Distortion, in Proc. International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Denver, Colorado, September 2002
• Jasha Droppo, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Evaluation of SPLICE on the Aurora 2 and 3 Tasks, in Proc. International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, International Speech Communication Association, Denver, Colorado, September 2002
• Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Log-Domain Speech Feature Enhancement Using Sequential MAP Noise Estimation and a Phase-sensitive Model of the Acoustic Environment, in Proc. International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Denver, Colorado, September 2002
• Jasha Droppo, Alex Acero, and Li Deng, A Nonlinear Observation Model for Removing Noise from Corrupted Speech Log Mel-Spectral Energies, in Proc. International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Denver, Colorado, September 2002
• Jasha Droppo, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Uncertainty Decoding with SPLICE for Noise Robust Speech Recognition, in Proc. ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Florida, May 2002
• Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, A Bayesian Approach to Speech Feature Enhancement using the Dynamic Cepstral Prior, in Proc. ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Florida, May 2002
• Hagai Attias and Li Deng, A new approach to speech enhancement by a microphone array using EM and mixture moels, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Denver CO, September 2002, 2002

2001

• Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, and Alex Acero, Recursive Noise Estimation Using Iterative Stochastic Approximation for Stereo-based Robust Speech Recognition, in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Madonna di Campliglio, Italy, December 2001
• Li Deng, B. Frey, and T. Kristjansson, Joint Estimation of Noise and Channel Distortion in a Generalized EM Framework, in IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, December 2001
• B. Frey, Li Deng, T. Kristjansson, and Alex Acero, ALGONQUIN: Iterating Laplace's Method to Remove Multiple Types of Acoustic Distortion for Robust Speech Recognition, in Proc. of the Eurospeech Conference, September 2001
• H. Attias, Li Deng, Alex Acero, and John Platt, A New Method for Speech Denoising and Robust Speech Recognition Using Probabilistic Models for Clean Speech and for Noise, in Proc. of the Eurospeech Conference, September 2001
• Jasha Droppo, Alex Acero, and Li Deng, Evaluation of the SPLICE Algorithm on the Aurora 2 Database, in Proc. Eurospeech Conference, International Speech Communication Association, Aalbodk, Denmark, September 2001
• R. Togneri and Li Deng, An EKF-Based Algorithm for Learning Statistical Hidden Dynamic Model Parameters for Phonetic Recognition, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, May 2001
• T. Kristjansson, B. Frey, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Towards Non-Stationary Model-Based Noise Adaptation for Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, May 2001
• L. Lee, P. Fleguth, and Li Deng, A Functional Articulatory Dynamic Model for Speech Production, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, May 2001
• Li Deng, Alex Acero, L. Jiang, Jasha Droppo, and Xuedong Huang, High-Performance Robust Speech Recognition Using Stereo Training Data, in Proc. ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah, May 2001
• Jasha Droppo, Alex Acero, and Li Deng, Efficient Online Acoustic Environment Estimation for FCDCN in a Continuous Speech Recognition System, in Proc. ICASSP, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah, May 2001
• B. Frey, T. Kristjansson, Li Deng, and Alex Acero, Learning dynamic noise models from noisy speech for robust speech recognition, in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), Vol. 14, Vancouver, Canada, 2001, pp. 101-108, 2001
• Xuedong Huang, Alex Acero, C. Chelba, Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, D. Duchene, J. Goodman, Hsiao-Wuen Hon, D. Jacoby, L. Jiang, R. Loynd, Milind Mahajan, P. Mau, S. Meredith, S. Mughal, S. Neto, M. Plumpe, K. Stery, G. Venolia, Kuansan Wang, and Ye-Yi Wang, MIPAD: A Multimodal Interactive Prototype, in International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, 2001

2000

• H. Attias, J. Platt, Alex Acero, and Li Deng, Speech Denoising and Dereverberation Using Probabilistic Models, in NIPS, November 2000
• Li Deng, Alex Acero, M. Plumpe, and Xuedong Huang, Large-Vocabulary Speech Recognition under Adverse Acoustic Environments,, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Spoken Language Processing, October 2000
• J. Sun, X. Jing, and Li Deng, Data-driven Model Construction for Continuous Speech Recognition Using Overlapping Articulatory Features, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Spoken Language Processing, October 2000
• Alex Acero, Li Deng, T. Kristjansson, and J. Zhang, HMM Adaptation Using Vector Taylor Series for Noisy Speech Recognition, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Spoken Language Processing, October 2000
• H. Jiang and Li Deng, A Robust Training Strategy Against Straneous Acoustic Variations for Spontaneous Speech Recognition, in Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Spoken Language Processing, October 2000
• Li Deng, Switching Dynamic System Models for Speech Articulation and Acoustics, in Proc. of the IMA Workshop, September 2000
• Xuedong Huang, Alex Acero, Ciprian Chelba, Li Deng, Doug Duchene, Joshua Goodman, Hsiao-Wuen Hon, Derek Jacoby, Li Jiang, Ricky Loynd, Milind Mahajan, Peter Mau, Scott Meredith, Salman Mughal, Salvado Neto, Mike Plumpe, Kuansan Wang, and Ye-Yi Wang, MiPad: A Next Generation PDA Prototype, in International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, International Speech Communication Association, Beijing, China, 2000