Over the last decade the evolution of parallel computer architectures has led to the dominance of commercial multi-core systems with up to 8 or so cores on single chip. At one point people speculated about having dozens or even thousands of conventional cores on a chip, but it’s far from clear that such a device could be powered, cooled, or usefully supplied with data. This session will focus on alternative visions of the future and investigate the programming models that they support in hardware and the challenges that targetting these will offer for software designers.